Current Landscape and Future Perspectives of Biomedical Waste Management in India
Sumitaksha Banerjee
Burdwan Medical College, Baburbag, P.O.- Rajbati, Burdwan- 713104, West Bengal, India.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1071-9807
Harendra Kumar
Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6801-0633
Tanmay Sanyal
Department of Zoology, Krishnagar Govt. College, Krishnagar 741101, West Bengal, India.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0046-1080
Pronoy Mukherjee
Rishi Bankim Chandra College, Naihati, West Bengal, India.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4901-0141
Dattatreya Mukherjee
Raiganj Govt. Medical College and Hospital, India.
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7566-3843
Published online: 17th December, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52756/boesd.2023.e02.005
Keywords: Biomedical Waste Management, Nosocomial infection, BMWM in India, CBWTF, SWOT analysis.
Abstract:
Biomedical waste management (BMWM) is a crucial aspect of healthcare operations, encompassing the entire process from waste generation to its treatment and disposal. This paper provides an in-depth analysis of the present state of BMWM in different states of India, highlighting variations in Common Biomedical Waste Treatment Facility (CBWTF) utilization. The discussion includes the key initiatives undertaken by the Indian government, emphasizing the Biomedical Waste Management Rules of 2016, which expanded the regulatory framework and responsibilities. Furthermore, it explores various technologies for medical waste management, categorizing them into thermochemical, biochemical, and chemical methods. Thermochemical technologies such as incineration, gasification, pyrolysis, plasma-based methods, carbonization, hydrogenation, and liquefaction are discussed in detail, along with their operational conditions and potential products. The analysis underscores the need for collaborative efforts, technological advancements, and stringent regulations for addressing the challenges in BMWM. Special emphasis has been given to the importance of informed decision-making, SWOT analysis, and tailored waste-to-energy solutions for effective medical waste management in diverse healthcare settings.
References:
- Ahmad, N., Ahmad, N., Maafa, I. M., Ahmed, U., Akhter, P., Shehzad, N., & Hussain, M. (2020). Thermal conversion of polystyrene plastic waste to liquid fuel via ethanolysis. Fuel, 279, 118498.
- Asim, N., Badiei, M., & Sopian, K. (2021). Review of the valorization options for the proper disposal of face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic. Environmental technology & innovation, 23, 101797.
- Awasthi, M. K., Sarsaiya, S., Chen, H., Wang, Q., Wang, M., Awasthi, S. K., … & Zhang, Z. (2019). Global status of waste-to-energy technology. In Current developments in biotechnology and bioengineering (pp. 31-52). Elsevier.
- Capoor, M. R., & Bhowmik, K. T. (2017). Current perspectives on biomedical waste management: Rules, conventions and treatment technologies. Indian journal of medical microbiology, 35(2), 157-164.
- Chartier, Y. (Ed.). (2014). Safe management of wastes from health-care activities. World Health Organization.
- Chew, X., Khaw, K. W., Alnoor, A., Ferasso, M., Al Halbusi, H., & Muhsen, Y. R. (2023). Circular economy of medical waste: Novel intelligent medical waste management framework based on extension linear Diophantine fuzzy FDOSM and neural network approach. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(21), 60473–60499. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-26677-z
- Costa, J. D., Patel, H., Braganza, V., & Solanki, H. (2023). Impact of a Crisis on Waste Management Policy Adherence And Practices-A Narrative Review of Bio-Medical Waste Management During the Covid-19 Pandemic.
- Costiuc, L., Tierean, M., Baltes, L., & Patachia, S. (2015). Experimental Investigation on The Heat of Combustion For Solid Plastic Waste Mixtures. Environmental Engineering & Management Journal (EEMJ), 14(6).
- Darmawan, A., Budianto, D., Aziz, M., & Tokimatsu, K. (2017). Retrofitting existing coal power plants through cofiring with hydrothermally treated empty fruit bunch and a novel integrated system. Applied Energy, 204, 1138-1147.
- David, J., & Shanbag, P. (2016). Awareness and practices regarding biomedical waste management among health-care workers in a tertiary care hospital in Delhi: Comment. Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology, 34(3), 391–392. https://doi.org/10.4103/0255-0857.188371
- Dudley, B. (2019). BP statistical review of world energy 2016. British Petroleum Statistical Review of World Energy, Bplc. editor, Pureprint Group Limited, UK.
- Erdogan, A. A., & Yilmazoglu, M. Z. (2021). Plasma gasification of the medical waste. International journal of hydrogen energy, 46(57), 29108-29125.
- Fiedler, H. (2007). National PCDD/PCDF release inventories under the Stockholm convention on persistent organic pollutants. Chemosphere, 67(9), S96-S108.
- Gadicherla, S., Thapsey, H., Krishnappa, L., & Somanna, S. N. (2016). Evaluation of bio medical waste management practices in select health care facilities of Karnataka, India. Int J Community Med Public Health, 3, 2722-8.
- Geyer, R., Jambeck, J. R., & Law, K. L. (2017). There are 8.3 billion tons of plastic in the world. Sci. Adv, 3(7), 1700782.
- Harhay, M. O., Halpern, S. D., Harhay, J. S., & Olliaro, P. L. (2009). Health care waste management: a neglected and growing public health problem worldwide. Tropical Medicine & International Health, 14(11), 1414-1417.
- Helsen, L., & Bosmans, A. (2010). Waste-to-Energy through thermochemical processes: matching waste with process. In Proceedings of the 1st International Academic Symposium on Enhanced Landfill Mining (pp. 133-180). Haletra; Houthalen-Helchteren.
- Jacob, S., Nithianandam, S., Rastogi, S., Sakhuja, S., & Sri Laxma Alankar, S. N. (2021). Handling and treatment strategies of biomedical wastes and biosolids contaminated with SARS-CoV-2 in waste environment. In Environmental and Health Management of Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19), pp. 207–232. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-85780-2.00012-3
- Joseph, B., James, J., Kalarikkal, N., & Thomas, S. (2021). Recycling of medical plastics. Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research, 4(3), 199-208.
- Kalal, C., & Charola, S. (2021). An alarming public health concern over variability in herbal compositions of marketed immunity booster products during COVID-19: A botanical survey-based study. Int. J. Exp. Res. Rev., 24, 40-50. https://doi.org/10.52756/ijerr.2021.v24.005
- Kassim, F. O., Thomas, C. P., & Afolabi, O. O. (2022). Integrated conversion technologies for sustainable agri-food waste valorization: A critical review. Biomass and Bioenergy, 156, 106314.
- Kaur, P., Arora, G., & Aggarwal, A. (2023). Psycho-Social Impact of COVID-2019 on Work-Life Balance of Health Care Workers in India: A Moderation-Mediation Analysis. Int. J. Exp. Res. Rev., 35, 62-82. https://doi.org/10.52756/ijerr.2023.v35spl.007
- Khoshand, A., Bafrani, A. H., Zahedipour, M., Mirbagheri, S. A., & Ehtehsami, M. (2018). Prevention of landfill pollution by multicriteria spatial decision support systems (MC-SDSS): development, implementation, and case study. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25, 8415-8431.
- Kumari, R., Srivastava, K., Wakhlu, A., & Singh, A. (2013). Establishing biomedical waste management system in Medical University of India–A successful practical approach. Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health, 1(3), 131-136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cegh.2012.11.004
- Li, C. S., & Jenq, F. T. (1993). Physical and chemical composition of hospital waste. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, 14(3), 145-150.
- Mahjoob, A., Alfadhli, Y., & Omachonu, V. (2023). Healthcare waste and sustainability: Implications for a circular economy. Sustainability, 15(10), 7788. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15107788
- Mathur, V., Dwivedi, S., Hassan, M. A., & Misra, R. P. (2011). Knowledge, attitude, and practices about biomedical waste management among healthcare personnel: A cross-sectional study. Indian journal of community medicine: official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine, 36(2), 143. https://doi.org/10.4103/0970-0218.84135
- Munir, M. T., Mardon, I., Al-Zuhair, S., Shawabkeh, A., & Saqib, N. U. (2019). Plasma gasification of municipal solid waste for waste-to-value processing. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 116, 109461.
- Ragaert, K., Delva, L., & Van Geem, K. (2017). Mechanical and chemical recycling of solid plastic waste. Waste management, 69, 24-58.
- Saha, A. (2023). Circular economy strategies for sustainable waste management in the food industry. Journal of Recycling Economy & Sustainability Policy, 2(2), 1–16. https://respjournal.com/index.php/pub/article/view/17
- Salkin, I. F., & Kennedy, M. E. (2004). Review of health impacts from microbiological hazards in health-care wastes. Geneva: WHO.
- Saxena, P., Pradhan, I. P., & Kumar, D. (2022). Redefining biomedical waste management during COVID-19 in India: A way forward. Materials Today: Proceedings, 60, 849–858. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.09.507
- Shareefdeen, Z. (Ed.). (2022). Hazardous Waste Management: Advances in Chemical and Industrial Waste Treatment and Technologies. Springer Nature.
- Sharma, A. K. (1998). Bio-Medical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules. Bhopal: Suvidha Law House, 50-70.
- Sun, Y., Qin, Z., Tang, Y., Huang, T., Ding, S., & Ma, X. (2021). Techno-environmental-economic evaluation on municipal solid waste (MSW) to power/fuel by gasification-based and incineration-based routes. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 9(5), 106108.
- Teymourian, T., Teymoorian, T., Kowsari, E., & Ramakrishna, S. (2021). Challenges, strategies, and recommendations for the huge surge in plastic and medical waste during the global COVID-19 pandemic with circular economy approach. Materials Circular Economy, 3, 1-14.
- Thind, P. S., Sareen, A., Singh, D. D., Singh, S., & John, S. (2021). Compromising situation of India’s bio-medical waste incineration units during pandemic outbreak of COVID-19: Associated environmental-health impacts and mitigation measures. Environmental Pollution, 276, 116621.
- Wang, J., Shen, J., Ye, D., Yan, X., Zhang, Y., Yang, W., … & Pan, L. (2020). Disinfection technology of hospital wastes and wastewater: Suggestions for disinfection strategy during coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in China. Environmental pollution, 262, 114665.
- Zaini, I. N., Novianti, S., Nurdiawati, A., Irhamna, A. R., Aziz, M., & Yoshikawa, K. (2017). Investigation of the physical characteristics of washed hydrochar pellets made from empty fruit bunch. Fuel Processing Technology, 160, 109-120.
- Zhang, F., Zhao, Y., Wang, D., Yan, M., Zhang, J., Zhang, P., … & Chen, C. (2021). Current technologies for plastic waste treatment: A review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 282, 124523.
How to Cite
Sumitaksha Banerjee, Harendra Kumar, Tanmay Sanyal, Pronoy Mukherjee, Dattatreya Mukherjee (2023). Current Landscape and Future Perspectives of Biomedical Waste Management in India. © International Academic Publishing House (IAPH), Shubhadeep Roychoudhury, Tanmay Sanyal, Koushik Sen & Sudipa Mukherjee Sanyal (eds.), A Basic Overview of Environment and Sustainable Development [Volume: 2], pp. 79-93. ISBN: 978-81-962683-8-1
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52756/boesd.2023.e02.005
SHARE WITH EVERYONE
Continue reading in any device
Our Other Books –